![]() Alternatively, facultative slave-making ants, like those in the Formica sanguinea complex, represent an intermediate parasitic group, between free-living species and obligatory slave-making species. Slave-making ants may be permanent social parasites, thus depending on enslaved host ants throughout their whole lives and unable to function without them in which case they are termed obligate slave-makers. ![]() Unlike brood parasitism, the inquiline remains within the nest and typically its brood does not outnumber the host's brood. Ī related type of social parasitism is called inquilinism, in which a reproductive enters a host colony, lays eggs, and relies on the host colony to rear its offspring. ![]() Theft of brood for the purpose of employing the stolen individual's efforts in support of the thief is called dulosis (from Greek δοῦλος, "slave"), but the term "slave-making" is used in older literature and is still common.
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